Comparison Between Mitosis and Meiosis Processes

Examination Between Mitosis and Meiosis Processes Mitosis (alongside the progression of cytokinesis) is the procedure of how an eukaryotic substantial cell, or body cell, isolates into two indistinguishable diploid cells. Meiosis is an alternate sort of cell division that starts with one cell that has the correct number of chromosomes and closures with four cells-haploid cells-that have a large portion of the ordinary number of chromosomes. In a human, practically all phones experience mitosis. The main human cells that are made by meiosis are gametes, or sex cells: the egg or ovum for females and the sperm for guys. Gametes have just a large portion of the quantity of chromosomes as an ordinary body cell since when gametes meld during preparation, the subsequent cell, called a zygote, at that point has the right number of chromosomes. This is the reason posterity are a blend of hereditary qualities from the mother and the dad the dads gamete conveys a large portion of the chromosomes and the moms gamete conveys the other half-and why there is so much hereditary decent variety, even inside families. In spite of the fact that mitosis and meiosis have altogether different outcomes, the procedures are comparative, with only a couple of changes inside the phases of each. The two procedures begin after a cell experiences interphase and duplicates its DNA precisely in the amalgamation stage, or S stage. Now, every chromosome is comprised of sister chromatids held together by a centromere. The sister chromatids are indistinguishable from one another. During mitosis, the phone experiences the mitotic stage, or M stage, just a single time, finishing with two indistinguishable diploid cells. In meiosis, there are two rounds of the M stage, bringing about four haploid cells that arent indistinguishable. Phases of Mitosis and Meiosis There are four phases of mitosis and eight phases in meiosis. Since meiosis experiences two rounds of parting, it is separated into meiosis I and meiosis II. Each phase of mitosis and meiosis has numerous progressions going on in the cell, yet fundamentally the same as, if not indistinguishable, significant occasions mark that stage. Looking at mitosis and meiosis is genuinely simple if these significant occasions are considered: Prophase The primary stage is called prophase in mitosis and prophase I or prophase II in meiosis I and meiosis II. During prophase, the core is preparing to isolate. This implies the atomic envelope needs to vanish and the chromosomes begin to gather. Likewise, the axle begins to shape inside the centriole of the phone that will help with the division of chromosomes during a later stage. These things all occur in mitotic prophase, prophase I and typically in prophase II. Once in a while there is no atomic envelope toward the start of prophase II and more often than not the chromosomes are now dense from meiosis I. There are several contrasts between mitotic prophase and prophase I. During prophase I, homologous chromosomes meet up. Each chromosome has a coordinating chromosome that conveys similar qualities and is typically a similar size and shape. Those sets are called homologous sets of chromosomes. One homologous chromosome originated from the people father and the other originated from the people mother. During prophase I, these homologous chromosomes pair up and some of the time interweave. A procedure brought traverse can occur during prophase I. This is when homologous chromosomes cover and trade hereditary material. Real bits of one of the sister chromatids sever and reattach to the next homolog. The motivation behind traverse is to additionally increment hereditary assorted variety, since alleles for those qualities are presently on various chromosomes and can be set into various gametes toward the finish of meiosis II. Metaphase In metaphase, the chromosomes line up at the equator, or center, of the cell, and the recently shaped axle joins to those chromosomes to plan for pulling them separated. In mitotic metaphase and metaphase II, the shafts join to each side of the centromeres holding the sister chromatids together. Be that as it may, in metaphase I, the shaft appends to the diverse homologous chromosomes at the centromere. Subsequently, in mitotic metaphase and metaphase II, the axles from each side of the cell are associated with a similar chromosome. In metaphase, I, just a single axle from one side of the cell is associated with an entire chromosome. The shafts from inverse sides of the cell are joined to various homologous chromosomes. This connection and arrangement is basic for the following stage. There is a checkpoint around then to ensure it was done accurately. Anaphase Anaphase is the phase wherein the physical parting happens. In mitotic anaphase and anaphase II, the sister chromatids are pulled separated and moved to inverse sides of the cell by the withdrawal and shortening of the shaft. Since the axles joined at the centromere on the two sides of a similar chromosome during metaphase, it basically tears separated the chromosome into two individual chromatids. Mitotic anaphase pulls separated the indistinguishable sister chromatids, so indistinguishable hereditary qualities will be in every cell. In anaphase I, the sister chromatids are in all probability not indistinguishable duplicates since they presumably experienced traverse during prophase I. In anaphase I, the sister chromatids remain together, however the homologous sets of chromosomes are pulled separated and taken to inverse sides of the cell. Telophase The last stage is called telophase. In mitotic telophase and telophase II, the greater part of what was finished during prophase will be fixed. The shaft starts to separate and vanish, an atomic envelope starts to return, chromosomes begin to unwind, and the phone gets ready to part during cytokinesis. Now, mitotic telophase will go into cytokinesis that will make two indistinguishable diploid cells. Telophase II has just gone one division toward the finish of meiosis I, so it will go into cytokinesis to make a sum of four haploid cells. Telophase I could conceivably observe these equivalent kinds of things occurring, contingent upon the phone type. The axle will separate, however the atomic envelope may not return and the chromosomes may remain firmly twisted. Likewise, a few cells will go straight into prophase II as opposed to parting into two cells during a series of cytokinesis. Mitosis and Meiosis in Evolution More often than not, transformations in the DNA of physical cells that experience mitosis won't be passed down to the posterity and in this way are not relevant to normal choice and don't add to the advancement of the species. In any case, botches in meiosis and the irregular blending of qualities and chromosomes all through the procedure add to hereditary decent variety and drive advancement. Traverse makes another blend of qualities that may code for a positive adjustment. The free combination of chromosomes during metaphase I likewise prompts hereditary decent variety. It is arbitrary how homologous chromosome sets line up during that stage, so the blending and coordinating of characteristics have numerous options and add to the assorted variety. At last, irregular preparation likewise can increment hereditary decent variety. Since there are preferably four hereditarily various gametes toward the finish of meiosis II, which one is really utilized during preparation is irregular. As the accessible characteristics are stirred up and gone down, common determination takes a shot at those and picks the most good adjustments as the favored phenotypes of people.

Russells Treatment of Self-Discovery in Educating Rita :: English Literature

Russell's Treatment of Self-Discovery in Educating Rita (A) RITA: See, I don't need an infant yet. It couldn't be any more obvious, I wanna find meself first. Do you get that? Expound on Russell's treatment of self-disclosure and of its significance in the lives of the play's characters. The possibility of self-disclosure is a topic that runs all through Educating Rita, exhibiting how it tends to be an individual strategic well as an coincidental accomplishment throughout everyday life. Both Frank and Rita, just as the other, progressively minor characters, set out on this excursion as Rita starts her Open University course. When Rita starts her the English Literature course, she is chomping at the bit to go and needs to know everything. She likewise places in words, her individual want for self-disclosure. I wanna find meself. Rita knew from the earliest starting point that she was on a crucial knew where she was going. Straight to the point then again, is very substance with his lifestyle and considers the possibility of a senseless lady's endeavors to get into the psyche of Henry James exceptionally entertaining in spite of the fact that it interrupts the repetitiveness of his conceivably incredibly exhausting and prescient way of life. Russell exhibits the possibility of self-disclosure through Rita by indicating the manner by which Rita has advanced during the play. At the starting, Rita is the guiltless understudy who needs decisions. She feels that she will have the option to escape from the endless loop that exists in regular workers society. The main indications of Rita's disclosure are appeared through her activities. Her first passage is a constrained section into the workplace of Frank, while on her second visit she oils the entryway to make it simpler for her to enter. Inevitably, Russell no longer gives her passage into the workplace however has her as of now there when the scene starts. Honest, gives less indications of self-revelation in spite of the fact that he does truth be told find rather a ton about himself as a result of Rita. Plain has a drinking propensity that he recognizes however he hides its indications furthermore, when Rita believes she's improved him he discovers it profoundly entertaining. Albeit Frank doesn't in certainty stop drinking, he gets more regrettable and it is a definitive purpose behind his holiday to Australia. On the other hand, Frank's relationship with his previous understudy Julia breaks down as his affection for Rita develops. Russell does this to show how the life of the educator who is clearly trapped in a hopeless cycle is likewise evolving. The zones that Rita examines show how she has advanced. At the point when she starts to frame her own thoughts which would stand their ground in an assessment, Frank doesn't welcome it, he believes that the advancement

ACT Score for the Ivy League Whats the Lowest Score I Can Get in With

What's a Good SAT/ACT Score for the Ivy League What's the Lowest Score I Can Get in With SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Is it true that you are planning to go to an Ivy League school? What ACT/SAT scores do Ivy League colleges Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Princeton, Penn, and Yale-anticipate? Here, we see what grades these eight profoundly particular schools think about great, just as what scores are viewed as fringe. Disclaimer: SAT/ACT Scores Aren't Everything At the point when you apply to an Ivy League school, they'll be taking a gander at numerous other confirmation factors past simply your SAT or ACT score. Actually, if you somehow happened to solicit any from these schools' chiefs of affirmations whether an ideal score would promise you confirmation, the appropriate response would be a major, fat NO. You need in excess of an ideal SAT or ACT score to get into an Ivy League school. Ivy League schools search for solid grades just as solid proposals, extracurriculars, and GPAs, which I'll call Different Factors. If you have an incredible SAT/ACT score, at that point you can pull off simply superb Other Factors. In case you're at the base of the range, however, you'll certainly require a whiz rating in Other Factors. Remember this as you read this article. Select Free Bonus: Click here to download a free bit by bit manage on finding your own SAT/ACT score target. When you experience these means, you'll know precisely what score you have to focus on. What's a Good SAT/ACT Score for the Ivy League? A SAT score of 1580 (out of 1600) or ACT score of 35 (out of 36) will put you directly in the top 25% for most Ivy League schools, while a SAT score of 1450 or ACT score of 31 would put you at the limit of the base 25%. Subsequently, you can decipher your score as follows: 1580 SAT/35 ACT or higher: You don't have to improve your SAT/ACT scores. Work on ensuring that you don't have any shortcomings in the remainder of your school application. 1450 SAT/31 ACT or lower: Your SAT/ACT score will be restricting. You have to improve your score, and simultaneously ensure you have in any event one extra very solid segment in your school application. Look at our guide on how to manage a low ACT/SAT score for tips. Presently, we should take a gander at the 25th and 75th percentile SAT/ACT scores for all Ivy League schools: School Name 75% SAT 25% SAT 75% ACT 25% ACT Harvard 1590 1460 35 32 Yale 1590 1420 35 32 Columbia 1580 1450 35 32 Princeton 1570 1430 35 31 Earthy colored 1570 1410 34 31 Dartmouth 1560 1430 34 30 Penn 1560 1420 35 32 Cornell 1550 1390 34 31 In case you're scoring lower than the 25th percentile on either the SAT or ACT, you'll have an extremely intense time getting acknowledged to an Ivy League school. Sadly, you just won't match the various exceptionally qualified candidates who have incredibly great SAT/ACT scores. Obviously, these are exclusive expectations. Truth be told, all 75th percentile scores for Ivy League schools are in the 99th percentile across the country. To be at the highest point of the Ivy League application pool, you should be one of the top 1% of test takers in the nation! What's a Good SAT/ACT Score for YOU? While these SAT/ACT scores for the Ivy League can be utilized as standard rules, everybody has an alternate objective score. This implies you'll have to know the SAT/ACT score focus on that is directly for you. Be that as it may, how would you make sense of this? Your objective SAT/ACT score will be founded on the universities you're applying to. You'll have to locate the normal SAT/ACT scores of conceded understudies for all the schools you're keen on joining in, explicitly their 75th percentile scores. Focusing on the 75th percentile will give you the most obvious opportunity with regards to getting into all the schools on your rundown. You can discover SAT/ACT scores and percentile data for a school by visiting its confirmation page or by Googling [School Name] PrepScholar SAT/ACT For instance, in the event that you needed to comprehend what the normal SAT scores for NYU were, you'd Google NYU PrepScholar SAT. When you've discovered these scores for all the schools you're considering applying to, locate the most elevated 75th percentile score on your rundown; that is the objective score you'll be focusing on. For a more top to bottom clarification and access to clear diagrams you can use to monitor schools' SAT/ACT scores, click the connection underneath and enter your email address-you'll get a free bit by bit control on the most proficient method to compute your own SAT/ACT objective score. What's Next? Need master tips on the best way to get into the Ivy League? Peruse our well known guide on the most proficient method to get into Harvard and the Ivy League, composed by a Harvard alum. Inquisitive how Ivy League schools contrast and each other? Investigate our inside and out examination of the Ivy League rankings, and realize what these numbers mean for you. What's a decent SAT/ACT score for non-Ivy League schools? Our far reaching guides clarify what great ACT scores and great SAT scores are, contingent upon the schools you're applying to. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4? Look at our top tier online SAT and ACT prep classes. We ensure your cash back on the off chance that you don't improve your SAT score by 160+ focuses or your ACT score by 4+ focuses. Our classes are totally on the web, and they're instructed by specialists. In the event that you preferred this article, you'll love our classes. Alongside master drove classes, you'll get customized schoolwork with a huge number of training issues sorted out by singular abilities so you learn most viably. We'll additionally give you a bit by bit, custom program to follow so you'll never be confounded about what to concentrate straightaway. Attempt it chance free today:

School Violence and Security - Free Essay Example

School violence has been on for a while now; the only difference is that now is worse. Schools should be a safe environment where kids can go learn, and feel secure. Kids nor parents should feel scared when their kids are in school. Schools safety should always be a concern. I believe gun control will not make any change because you do not need a gun to commit a crime, adolescents now are given permission by the parent to carry a knife for self-defense but honestly, they use it whenever they want, if they are triggered by bullying, cyberbullying, harassment or other reasons, they may act up and feel in control. Banning all guns is not a solution to gun violence, since America is already saturated with firearms. (McGoey, 2007). As mentioned above this will not prevent shootings. Now it is not necessarily bought at a gun store, it can be bought from a friend, online, etc. Weapons are meat to stay where they belong in war, lets keep our schools safe from violence. Schools should have highly trained securities just in case something happens they can protect our students. Tom, Dylans father told the press about how his son had never shown interest in gun, he was well spoken about, based on his teacher and friends he was a nice and normal teenager. A research was then made; the press later on found out that he was a target of bullying and cyberbullying. Have you ever asked yourself what effect this brings to teenagers? There has been more shootings in side a school than outside. Dinken, Kemp and Baum prove it, For the first time, violent crimes victimization among young people at schools are (26 per 1,000), and are higher than the rates away from school (20 per 1,000 students). Safety is and will always be a concern at schools, for parents and even the students. According to Bennet, gun control will stop schools shootings, Preventing guns from falling into the wrong hands, will control and decrease the percentage of shootings schools. Banning guns is not enough to stop violence and shootings. Guns, children and school should never be used in the same sentence. People have a burning passion for guns, they will do anything to get one, now we see a 15 year old with a gun and its normal according to Bennett this is normal because its for own protection, what is this generation teaching these kids, having a gun, knife is normal. Approximately, 100 million adults live in a home with a gun. Guns it is like a toy for some. Young kids should not own a gun or be near one, guns should not be sold to adolescents. These do not know sometimes what they are doing; some may act out of anger. Something that kids are in 24/7 are video games, these can make a huge impact these games are not productive it shows kids how to kill and they get to the point where maybe he/she might want to try it in real life and take it on innocent kids. These games are in fact, a graphic shooting video game where kids are taught how to seek out and destroy everything in the path displaying the blood and guts in vivid color, 3D with stereo sound effects. Is this generation only learning violence? Parents should watch very closely what their kids do and watch this may affect and can cause harm to others without knowing the consequences afterwards. Even 6 year olds play this online games, that by the way are very time consuming they can spent hours playing, in this case parents are guilty because they do not put a stop to it. Kids especially teens should be controlled, meaning parents monitoring everything they do and see. Friends are another reason, whom your kid hangs out with, that is the ques tion they can influence in a positive way just as they can in a negative way. Securities play a big role in schools; they are responsible for every single student, they should be in constant vigilance for any weird movement or anything out of the ordinary. Even if they want to secure the classrooms with high tech locks for classroom doors to bulletproof whiteboards and backpacks, they will never know who is in the classroom. I still dont understand how the author Bennett is saying gun control can stop shootings, Im very clear in my point on why gun control wont make any difference in schools or in general. Arming the right guys can keep our community safe. How do you know who is the right person. He also said, it is safer to armed guards and give teachers gun training. I completely disagree, what if the teachers gets frustrated with a kid, gets extremely mad and decide to shoot. Gun should stay away from kids. The only reason people own gun is to kill, maybe some say is for self-protection,, sadly this is the reason why most of the people own one, if you own a gun something happens for example someone is threating another person or yourself you know you have a gun youll somehow feel tempted to use it to protect yourself, but what happens if you do so, you are going to jail, that is why no one who is not authorized to own one should not have one not even at home where you have a kid. Guns is a big no. Evidence of the potential for violence is often found in a students home, on their computer, in their notebooks or in their locker at school. Another reason why a teen will like to own a gun is if he sees his friend with one, he/she will like to feel cool as well, so they will want one; nothing good comes out of that. That only causes fear to others. The only good about owning a gun is when the person who carrys it is permitted, then will cause less deaths because it will lower the damage caus e by crazy psycho people. However, if one to five people want safety for our community we have to remember there are millions who want to hurt others, and our schools are suffering, why dont we fight for safety instead of living scared all the time? Children can own machine guns. Bennett said. Children should stay away from guns. Third, the most common age of those who commit crimes with guns is 19, followed by 20, followed by 18, despite the fact that licensed dealers are not permitted to sell handguns to anyone under 21. My question is, why does a 15 year old owns one, well the buy from other who dont care about anyones safety, the majority of our people are allowed to own guns but are so many that arent but they still do. Lets keep our schools safe, lets make our world a little bit better.

The Evolution of the First Tetrapods

Its one of the iconic images of evolution: 400 or so million years ago, way back in the prehistoric mists of geologic time, a brave fish crawls laboriously out of the water and onto land, representing the first wave of a vertebrate invasion that leads to dinosaurs, mammals, and human beings. Logically speaking, of course, we dont owe any more thanks to the first tetrapod (Greek for four feet) than we do to the first bacterium or the first sponge, but something about this plucky critter still tugs at our heartstrings. As is so often the case, this romantic image doesnt quite match up with evolutionary reality. Between 350 and 400 million years ago, various prehistoric fish crawled out of the water at various times, making it nearly impossible to identify the direct ancestor of modern vertebrates. In fact, many of the most celebrated early tetrapods had seven or eight digits at the end of each limb and, because modern animals adhere strictly to the five-toed body plan, that means these tetrapods represented an evolutionary dead end from the perspective of the prehistoric amphibians that followed them. Origins The earliest tetrapods evolved from lobe-finned fishes, which differed in important ways from ray-finned fishes. While ray-finned fishes are the most common type of fish in the ocean  today, the only lobe-finned fish on the planet are lungfish and coelacanths, the latter of which were thought to have gone extinct tens of millions of years ago until a live specimen turned up in 1938. The bottom fins of lobe-finned fishes are arranged in pairs and supported by internal bones—the necessary conditions for these fins to evolve into primitive legs. Lobe-finned fishes of the Devonian period were already able to breathe air, when necessary, via spiracles in their skulls. Experts differ about the environmental pressures  that prompted lobe-finned fish to evolve into walking, breathing tetrapods, but one theory is that the shallow lakes and rivers these fish lived in were subject to drought, favoring species that could survive in dry conditions. Another theory has it that the earliest tetrapods were literally chased out of the water by bigger fish—dry land harbored an abundance of insect and plant food, and a marked absence of dangerous predators. Any lobe-finned fish that blundered onto land would have found itself in a veritable paradise. In evolutionary terms, its hard to distinguish between the most advanced lobe-finned fish and the most primitive tetrapods. Three important genera nearer the fish end of the spectrum were Eusthenopteron, Panderichthys, and Osteolopis, which spent all of their time in the water yet had latent tetrapod characteristics. Until recently, these tetrapod ancestors nearly all hailed from fossil deposits in the northern Atlantic, but the discovery of Gogonasus in Australia has put the kibosh on the theory that land-dwelling animals originated in the northern hemisphere. Early Tetrapods and Fishapods Scientists once agreed that the earliest true tetrapods dated from about 385 to 380 million years ago. That has all changed with the recent discovery of tetrapod track marks in Poland that date to 397 million years ago, which would effectively dial back the evolutionary calendar by 12 million years. If confirmed, this discovery will prompt some revision in the evolutionary consensus. As you can see, tetrapod evolution is far from written in stone—tetrapods evolved numerous times, in different places. Still, there are a few early tetrapod species that are regarded as more-or-less definitive by experts. The most important of these is Tiktaalik, which is thought to have been perched midway between the tetrapod-like lobe-finned fishes and the later, true tetrapods. Tiktaalik was blessed with the primitive equivalent of wrists—which may have helped it to prop itself up on its stubby front fins along the edges of shallow lakes—as well as a true neck, providing it with much-needed flexibility and mobility during its quick jaunts onto dry land. Because of its mix of tetrapod and fish characteristics, Tiktaalik is often referred to as a fishapod, a name that is also sometimes applied to advanced lobe-finned fish like Eusthenopteron and Panderichthys. Another important fishapod was Ichthyostega, which lived about five million years after Tiktaalik and achieved similarly respectable sizes—about five feet long and 50 pounds. True Tetrapods Until the recent discovery of Tiktaalik, the most famous of all the early tetrapods was Acanthostega, which dated to about 365 million years ago. This slender creature had relatively well-developed limbs, as well as such fishy features as a lateral sensory line running along the length of its body. Other, similar tetrapods of this general time and place included Hynerpeton, Tulerpeton, and Ventastega. Paleontologists once believed that these late Devonian tetrapods spent significant amounts of their time on dry land, but they are now thought to have been primarily or even totally aquatic, only using their legs and primitive breathing apparatuses when absolutely necessary. The most significant finding about these tetrapods was the number of digits on their front and hind limbs: anywhere from 6 to 8, a strong indication that they couldnt have been the ancestors of later five-toed tetrapods and their mammalian, avian, and reptilian descendants. Romers Gap Theres a 20-million-year-long stretch of time in the early Carboniferous period that has yielded very few vertebrate fossils. Known as Romers Gap, this blank period in the fossil record has been used to support Creationist doubt in the theory of evolution, but it is easily explainable by the fact that fossils only form in very special conditions. Romers Gap particularly affects our knowledge of tetrapod evolution because, when we pick up the story 20 million years later (about 340 million years ago), there is a profusion of tetrapod species that can be grouped into different families, some coming very close to being true amphibians. Among the notable post-gap tetrapods are the tiny Casineria, which had five-toed feet; the eel-like Greererpeton, which may already have de-evolved from its more land-oriented tetrapod ancestors; and the salamander-like Eucritta melanolimnetes, otherwise known as the creature from the Black Lagoon, from Scotland. The diversity of later tetrapods is evidence that a lot must have happened, evolution-wise, during Romers Gap. Fortunately, we have been able to fill in some of the blanks of Romers Gap in recent years. The skeleton of Pederpes was discovered in 1971 and, three decades later, further investigation by tetrapod expert Jennifer Clack dated it smack to the middle of Romers Gap. Significantly, Pederpes had forward-facing feet with five toes and a narrow skull, characteristics seen in later amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. A similar species active during Romers Gap was the large-tailed Whatcheeria, which seems to have spent most of its time in the water.

Mountain Dew - 2117 Words

Corporate background Mountain Dew has been through many changes since it was introduced in 1942. It started out as a yellow-green drink in a green bottle that had a rush of citrus flavor and more sugar and caffeine than any other soft drink. During the introduction of Mountain Dew it was well known throughout the Eastern seaboard. At this time the objectives was to gain market share. Mountain Dew became popular because of the stock car racing circuit known as NASCAR. During the 1960s Mountain Dew’s objective was too continued with its heritage from where it originated and began having characters such as Willie to promote the brand. By the 1970s the Mountain Dew brand was assigned BBDO, and the objective for the ad agency was to†¦show more content†¦Also another opportunity is to come up with a new target market to reach new consumers. The number one threat is the innovation of new drink categories that is stealing away market share from Mountain Dew. Not being able tot stay competitive in this category can make or break a company. I think that the major competitors of Mountain Dew are faced with this same issue. I’m sure they are coming up with new ideas to compete with the new products and drink categories. Target Market Coming up with a target market that is consistent with Mountain Dew varies from decade to decade. Each Decade brings new cultural trend. Mountain Dew has done an excellent job at keeping up with these trends and targeting consumers that make their product something they can relate too. Right now Mountain Dew’s target market is male teens 18 years of age. Also trying to keep the brand appealing and create a cross-over appeal among the 20-39 year old males. The type of buyer that Mountain Dew is targeting is one who has an exhilarating lifestyle and associated with extreme sports. The characteristics of this buyer would be a male in his teens that wants to fit in and be associated with sports. 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Since these humble times, Mountain Dew has maintained an image of a very rural American drink, satisfying customers through vending machines and convenience. In the 21st century, howeverRead MoreRacism And Sexism : The Mountain Dew1004 Words   |  5 Pagesthese issues of racism and sexism especially violence against women, and how they systematically affect specific subsets of people. The Mountain Dew commercial is one of three, the very last commercial. It opens with a line-up of men and a goat. The woman is asked by the police officer to point to the assailant. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the Mountain Dew ad â€Å"Nasty Goat† from a cultural studies perspective by criti quing the criminalization of African American men as well as violence againstRead MoreThe Worst Month Ever?890 Words   |  4 Pagesme what I was doing. I told her I was watching TLC. After I told her, she told me that I was watching men. I was confused, but I remembered that she was not in her right mind. While I was sitting beside her, she told me told put the lid on her Mountain Dew bottle, so I did. Then she asked me to do it again and again, even though it was already screwed on. I went to the living room. I started believing that she is ready to go home to God, so when I got home that night, I prayed and prayed. I told

Moral Relativism free essay sample

The world is becoming an increasingly smaller place, culturally speaking. The modern world has more bridges to other cultures and ways of thinking than ever before. This phenomenon is due largely to the advent of the internet, global industry, and increased travel for business and pleasure to opposite corners of the world. This â€Å"global village† we live in introduces the average person to more cultural, and seemingly moral, differences than previous generations experienced. Ruth Benedict’s â€Å"Case for Moral Relativism† claims beliefs and practices form irrationally and randomly, creating a world where no one morality is ‘better’ than any other morality. In this paper, I will discuss moral relativism and cultural relativism, and how they relate to each other. Further, in discussion of Pojman’s objectivism, ‘holes’ in the relativist moral theory will rear their ugly heads. I believe there is a middle ground between the two theories, Objectivism and Relativism, and that tolerance is not always a bad thing. Moral relativism is often equated with cultural relativism. However, anthropologists cringe at this notion, as defended by Thomas Johnson in his essay, â€Å"Cultural Relativism: Interpretations of a Concept. † Johnson argues that true cultural relativism should not â€Å"†¦prevent an educated person from taking a stand on a variety of moral issues†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Johnson 794). Rather, cultural relativism is a tool for the objective study of a different culture and leads â€Å"†¦to a much stronger notion of moral values, values that can and should be acted upon†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Johnson 795). This view differs from Bendedict’s moral relativism in that while cultural relativism is a tool from which moral attitudes and actions may stem, moral relativism maintains all cultures are equal, and therefore all cultures and cultural practices must be tolerated. Benedict is not alone in her biased presumptions. In his article, â€Å"In Defense of Relativism,† Frank Oppenheim asserts, â€Å"A relativist may, without inconsistency, favor discrimination or equality, and practice intolerance, tolerance, or over-tolerance† (Oppenheim 416). This suggests that a wide range of relativists hold these contradicting views, and give each equal weight, without assigning a concept of ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ to any single view. The cornerstone of Benedict’s moral relativism is that people are malleable (164), and will accept anything if it is institutionalized. She cites examples of ‘abnormal’ behavior and practices in Western society, namely, homosexuality, trance, and catalepsy, which have been accepted and promoted in cultures such as Ancient Greece, some Native American tribes, and even in the glorification of mystics and stigmatists in the Catholic Church. Moral taboos, as well as accepted practices, according to moral relativism, are the products of institutionalization. Since this is a random and irrational process, no one morality is better than another. Herein lies the one absolute of moral relativism: tolerance. In Pojman’s â€Å"The Case Against Moral Relativism,† he divides ethical (moral) relativism into subsections, one of which is entitled â€Å"The Diversity Thesis. † This thesis, another name for cultural relativism, Pojman explains, presupposes that there are few similarities between cultures, achieving the normal and abnormal extreme cases Benedict cites. Pojman references the work of Clyde Kuckholn, highlighting the numerous similarities between cultures, â€Å"Every culture has a concept of murder, distinguishing this from execution, killing in war and other ‘justifiable homicides. ’ The notions of incest†¦the prohibitions upon untruth under defined circumstances , of restitution and reciprocity, of mutual obligations between parents and children – these and many other moral concepts are altogether universal† (Pojman 178). Although different societies can come up with some ‘out there’ moral practices, basic values and codes of conduct share the same themes across cultures. The view Benedict supports, one which â€Å"†¦recognize[s] that morality differs in every society†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Benedict 163) ignores the common emphasis different cultures place on the aforementioned moral concepts. In Pojman’s evaluation of relativism, he makes the concession â€Å"†¦the objectivist could concede complete cultural relativism, but still defend a form of universalism† (Pojman 178). Cultural relativism and diversity is not in itself ethical relativism, merely the palette of examples that seem to support it. Pojman makes the distinction between moral belief and substantive moral principle. While two cultures may hold the killing of innocent persons to the highest degree of abhorrence, they may differ on what constitutes a person, whether it is a fetus or a deranged serial killer, with drastically different moral implications. Relativism seeks to use the existence of differing moral view s on a subject between cultures as evidence for its theory, when the moral views are common with differing applications of the belief. While I agree with Benedict that people are malleable, and we tend to follow the crowd in moral issues, her explanation of relativism appears biased. There is no mention of the opposing view, that cultures from different corners of the globe place similar emphasis on the same moral concepts, simply emphasized in a different order. Benedict also fails to recognize the common human experience, namely, human nature. Pojman defines this common experience in simple terms; humans have a ‘common set of needs and interests’ (Pojman 185). To Benedict, societal structure is rooted in chance, morality in the ‘opinion of the majority. ’ The unfortunate consequence of this mentality is primarily the condemnation of ‘social deviants’ (Benedict 164). If the whole world population took on a true relativist view, heroes of justice, Jane Addams, Martin Luther King Jr. Ghandi, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, even Robin Hood, lose their place on the pedestal of ‘ideal’ morality or social conscience. These individuals fought against the ‘norms’ of society, in the name of equality and justice. Relativism does not allow for counter-culture affirmative action, this moral theory promotes passive ethics. Relativism makes no judgments, and therefore, relativists are no t inclined to ‘fight for what’s right’ because through the lens of absolute tolerance, there is nothing to fight against; right and wrong are relative. Pojman’s objections to relativism center upon the existence of common human nature and experience, and that â€Å"†¦it is possible to communicate cross-culturally and find that we agree on many of the important things in life† (Pojman 181). This correlates to the idea of common moral concepts among different cultures and societies. In this common experience of â€Å"needs and interests† (Pojman 185), it stands to reason that certain moral practices will better serve needs and interests than others. This contrasts greatly with Benedict’s all cultures are equal proposal. Benedict makes a valid argument that people develop moral codes as a result of their culture. There is no right or wrong way to develop a society, the only tried and true method is trial and error. Yet, perhaps certain cultures do not experience â€Å"better† ways of making moral decisions to increase the fulfillment of their needs and interests. It’s possible no culture has found these â€Å"better† ways, the advantage to relativism is that we can appreciate the attempt. The flipside is that relativism tends to view other cultures in comparison to the relativist’s native culture, defining ‘normal’ and ‘abnormal’ as seen through that culture instead of the studied culture. Pojman’s objectivism offers a step back from the situation, allowing the questions, â€Å"Does this moral concept or action better the society or the individual? † and â€Å"Do these values and practices promote fulfillment of human needs and interests? † Recognition of cultural diversity in moral norms, beliefs, and practices is valuable in our modern ‘global village. In this context, some principles of moral relativism are valid: people are products of their society and culture, there are always social deviants, and ‘normal’ and ‘abnormal’ behaviors are perceived in every culture. However, the existence of these ‘truths’ do not prove the theory of moral relativism. Pojman refines the se observed qualities of human cultures and connects them to a common set of human needs and interests. Every societal and moral system can trace its original purpose to the intent to fulfill those needs and interests. In this way there is no relativism, only differing applications of moral concepts. In May of 2007, the Vatican pegged â€Å"moral relativism† as â€Å"a serious threat to humanity† (Fellowship of St James 43), crediting the apparent downward spiral of morality in America to an increase in acceptance of moral relativism. I contend that this acceptance of moral relativism is really a cry of lethargy from the masses. Moral relativism is the lazy way to defend your apathy on moral issues. Objectivism offers a more proactive alternative in our ever changing, every shrinking world.

The Role of Human Resources in Enhancing Innovation in Tourism free essay sample

This paper delves deeper into innovation in the Hospitality industry and how managerial traits and training sessions for employees affect innovation. Innovation is an important part of all industrial sectors ,may it be hospitality or tourism or any other industry. Innovation is necessary to keep up with the world and other sectors and consumers that are on a constant path of progress and development may it be a technological innovation or a policy innovation. The information for this study has been collected via personal interviews where the hotel managers of 1 586 establishments from the Baldric islands were given a specifically designed questionnaire. A primary search with this questionnaire was carried on in 2001 ,later using the results of the 2001 questionnaire three other versions of the same questionnaire were introduced by adding some more questions into the questionnaire and were given out in the summers of 2004 , 2007 and 2010. The result of the research showed that managerial characteristics and internal training sessions have constructive impact on innovation in hospitality sector,and also addresses the question of ownership of a hospitality establishment which also has an optimistic impact on innovation ND innovative decision making process as it is owned by a family or a person decisions pertaining to the establishment can be made swiftly. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Human Resources in Enhancing Innovation in Tourism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However research also shows that experience factor in managerial characteristics has a pessimistic impact on innovation. Evaluation This research study carried on in the Baldric islands on managers of 1 586 hospitality establishments in Baldric islands has finally emphasized on how important innovation is as it is in many other industries. Innovation is being the change or adapting to the change thats happened already, the study aptly displays what are the constructive factors for innovation in the hospitality sector, also contrary to popular belief if a manager is highly experienced ,the manager does not keep an open mind towards innovation but would rather believe in themselves. Another variable of importance is the education variable ,the educational qualification of the manager of the establishment has a lot to do with the managers dealings with the staff and also innovation -However the education variable may have a tiny role to play when it comes to innovation decisions. Also another aspect that has been inspected in this study is the ownership of a hotel which is shown to have a constructive effect on innovation. Ownership of an establishment has positive effect on innovation and innovation decision making since the establishment is owned by a family and decisions related to the establishment can be made more swiftly. There are other factors internal and external other than the ones pointed out in this study that encourage innovation as pointed out by Lopez et al (2011) However the research has only focused on the factors that internally affect and give rise to innovation, in this study internal training sessions for employees were the focus. There are other external factors that have constructive effect on innovation as pointed out by Knives (2015) . This research that was carried out in the Baldric islands on the managers of 1586 establishments cannot be applied to other hospitality establishments elsewhere in the world because the sample is from a specific geographic region and results from one region cannot be uniformly applied to establishments in other regions. Conclusion This research though it sheds light on important aspects of how the hospitality industry can be more innovative but more importantly emphasizes the major factors that lead to innovation. This study one major flaw is that the outcome of this research cannot be generalized to other hospitality establishments around the world because the results only hold if it is applied to the establishments in the Baldric islands. Also more research needs to be done on factors other than the managerial traits and other internal and external sources that encourage innovation.

Author Eric Barnes on Publishing and Post-Apocalyptic Fiction

Author Eric Barnes on Publishing and Post-Apocalyptic Fiction Youd think that ones post as the CEO of several major metropolitan newspapers throughout Tennessee, and author of multiple science fiction novels, would make the road to publishing an easy one. But Eric Barnes, host of Behind the Headlines on WKNO TV and author of four novels, including his most recently published post-Apocalyptic foray, Above the Ether, admits that its a little more complicated than that. Heres his advice for how writers can navigate the labyrinthine terrain of publishing without giving up, selling out, or letting rejection letters be the final word.Author Eric Barnes. Photo by Andrew BreigTonya: Our readers are a mix of indie authors and authors who have gone through more traditional publishing houses. What is your advice about the publishing process (either indie or traditional or both) from your experience?Eric: For the kind of novels I write, the publishing process is, to say the least, difficult. Its slow-moving and convoluted. Thats not a criticism of the publ ishers whove published my books. Its simply a comment on the reality of a very complicated business that has been in the midst of massive change for a few decades now.First there was the rise of big, corporate publisher, which bought up and combined many of the long-time independent publishing houses. Then there was the rise of massive chain bookstores like Borders and Barnes Noble. That was followed by the arrival of Amazon, a disruption that only continues as readers shift to e-readers even as independent bookstores increasingly find ways to thrive.In the midst of that, there are so many writers throwing so many manuscripts at a shrinking number of publishers who have a dramatically smaller universe of stores in which to sell those books.And meanwhile, the very process of assessing a manuscript is mind-blowingly slow. For fiction of some level of seriousness – I hate the term literary fiction but thats all there is – theres no way to fairly assess a manuscript with( out) spending quite a bit of time on it. Put another way, it takes hours (sometimes many, many hours) to read a book, no matter how quick a reader you are.Thats even before you get to the incredible cost involved in editing, designing, printing, distributing and selling a book.The process, in other words, is a labyrinth. Its slow, by necessity. And its all built on a business model that leaves little room for error.Tonya: Where did you get the idea for your newest book, Above the Ether, and how long did it take you to write it?Eric: The idea for Above the Ether came from my previous novel, The City Where We Once Lived, which is about a city thats been abandoned and the few thousand people who have chosen to live there. The city in that novel has been devastated not by a plague or some virus, but by bad decisions, inattention, abandonment. All animals have fled, all the plants and trees have died.The main character in City assumes that everyone, everywhere lives with this sort of dea th of plants and animals. But toward the end of the novel, a new person comes to the city. And, very offhandedly, he tells the main character why hes fled his home and come to this city.The animals that left this place, they didnt all just die. They went to other places. Like the city we are from. Huge packs of dogs. Feral cats. The failed efforts of the city to wipe them out with poison, so many dead animals that they had to leave carcasses in piles on corners and overflowing from dumpsters and still the animals roamed the street.The City Where We Once Lived by Eric BarnesAnd so I decided I wanted to write a book about that other city, and other cities and places like it, that were going through some kind of slow-motion disaster. Again, not plagues or runaway viruses or zombie apocalypses – just places dealing with the everyday decisions that we make or are made for us.Tonya: A lot of successful authors have a daily word count goal or specific method of getting a book writte n. Do you have either? What does a typical writing session look like for you?Eric: I need to write every day to be effective. I cant wait till I feel the inspiration. I have to schedule regular time, consistency, in order to be writing frequently enough that Im either at my desk when I feel inspired or the consistency itself generates more and more inspiration.Because of this, if I know I wont be able to write tomorrow, I will struggle to write today. Because if I cant write tomorrow, but todays writing goes badly, I will be incredibly frustrated.The reality, of course, is that I cant write every day. So I try to find stretches of time – 2 weeks or 4 weeks or sometimes as many as 6 weeks – where Ill be able to write for at least an hour most every day. That way I feel like Ill have some consistency, a routine, that I can rely on when writing goes badly. Which it does.I dont set a word count, just this goal of building a routine, but I do count words. I might write 100 words, I might write 1,500. But the goal is to write consistently.Also, I mostly write in the morning, usually from 5:30 to 7:30, then Ill read and edit what Ive written in the evening.Tonya: As CEO of several newspapers, you obviously have other obligations beyond writing novels. What is your advice for authors struggling to get a novel written when it isnt their primary occupation?Eric: It can be a nightmare. Writing is time-consuming and, at its worst, maddeningly frustrating. For me, I just have to be hyper-scheduled – down to the hour and minute of the day – as far as when I write, when I parent, when I see friends, and so on. Its hard on the people around you. You just have to accept that, as do they.The economic reality is that, for what I write (and, honestly, for what most fiction writers do), its exceedingly difficult to make a living off of novels. For many years, this meant I was personally at war with the two sides of my life – my writing life, and my day job. That wasnt healthy. Over time, I found a way devote enough time to both that they coexist much better.Tonya: What is it about the post-apoc/dystopian subgenre of Science Fiction that fascinates you most and do you have any favorite authors who write it?Eric: I grew up reading a lot – almost all – of Kurt Vonneguts novels and non-fiction. I loved how he could circle into and around science fiction, even as he was writing painful, funny, beautiful and deeply serious books. But I also read a lot of serious, entirely real fiction that I wanted to emulate, especially work by Raymond Carver, Richard Ford and others.But then there were three books I read over a number of years – For the Time Being by Annie Dillard, and Cormac McCarthys Blood Meridien and The Road – and I started wanting to write differently. Id always like complicated, multi-character narratives. My first two novels, Shimmer and, especially, Something Pretty, Something Beautiful, bot h had multiple narrators and a way that I could use the multiple narrators to shift time and place.Now I wanted to write with more unreal elements. More that was made up.With both The City Where We Once Lived and Above the Ether, though, what I did not want to do is write post-apocalyptic novels where thered been some sort of war or plague. Not that theres anything wrong with doing that, I just felt like, first, that had been done. And second, I wanted to shine more light and attention on decisions we make now and the outcomes of those decisions.Tonya: Do you have any specific advice for a writer interested in publishing in the post-apoc/dystopian subgenre? Is there any trope thats been overdone or any new slant publishers are looking for?Eric: I really dont know what advice Id give. For better and worse, Im not a writer who can write toward what publishers want or need. I have to write a story that interests me, which means taking a massive risk on whether that novel will also be o f interest to a publisher. Twice, Ive misfired and written novels that ultimately didnt get published. But I dont regret writing those manuscripts. Had I not written them, I wouldnt have written the ones that followed.

Education Sector Best Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Education Sector Best Practices - Essay Example Curriculum entails more than an ordinary definition; it is a key issue in the process of education. The scope of career development is so large that it affects every person involved in learning and teaching. Inclusive education practices entail  making the students feel welcomed and valued in the school, and therefore the students are effectively able to undertake all school activities entail rams. Diversity is accepted and respected; students’ different cultures, backgrounds, skills interests and needs; are taken into consideration in school practices and programs. To achieve thi9s end, there exists inclusive practices tools like; student survey, community survey, staff survey, school review profile, inclusive practices and survey reports. Inclusive practices tools are applied in supporting primary, intermediate or schools in engaging in the review process. The main purpose of the review process entails supporting schools in the journey towards developing and implementing inclusive processes for learners, including learners requiring special attention and consideration. Continuous personal development entails; learning by participating in the continuing professional development process; and from the experience and even the feedback. Competent professionals; look for opportunities and challenges in personal learning and development; identify mistakes and use them for learning opportunities; continuously participate in professional development programs; change behavior towards the positive through feedback and reflection. (Booth, 2011 15).Opportunities for learning and development include, pursuing management development training program.

Employment law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Employment law - Assignment Example Importantly, the laws are not the same in all the companies rather they differ depending on the cultural, political and economical factors of the countries. The employment law entails the relation between employees, employers, trade unions and the government. The employment law in relation to employees constitutes their rights at work. For instance in the UK Employment law; employment contracts, unfair dismissal, the Working Time Regulations, flexible working rights and equality aspects are outlined. With respect to the law, an employee is able to figure out the rights at work and how to acquire legal advice when discriminated against or unfairly dismissed from work. The UK employment law enables employers to comply with it thus treat their employees fairly and lawfully. Pauls dismissal due to his misbehavior is a controversial issue since other people may support or oppose the act. The employment law of UK outlines the procedure to be followed when an employee is to be sacked. As an HR manager in the store where Paul works, I will effectively advise the General Manager on what to do. This is because Paul has presented an unfair dismiss al claim to his Employment Tribunal Office. The course of action to be taken by the organization should therefore comply with the UK employment law. The organization should have considered Pauls source of the misconduct in order to proceed with the dismissal. A thorough and effective investigation was to be carried out before the dismissal. Therefore, Paul has a right to claim for the unfair dismissal to the local Employment Tribunal Office. The organization should have issued Paul a notice or warning before the dismissal. It did not follow the correct procedure of dismissal despite Paul involving himself into fighting which is considered fair enough for dismissal. According to the UK employment law, the organization should have carried out a proper investigation about Pauls misconduct instead of issuing

Sonnet 93 by E. Barrett Browning Essay Example for Free

Sonnet 93 by E. Barrett Browning Essay Throughout the first eight lines of the sonnet the language is simple and personal. There is little elaboration and imagery which shows her true love and shows that the sonnet wasnt written to impress the public. This differs from the other two sonnets as they were conventionally written to amuse the reader and in order to do this they included complex language and imagery. The line beginning the final section of the sonnet shows that she loves Robert Browning with the depth, trust and emotion a child feels for their parents; I love thee with the passion put to use In my old griefs, and with my childhoods faith. Following this the next line supports a popular belief of the Victorians which was when you are born you are born pure and innocent. As you grow up you gather sin and impurity, and become further away from God. E. Barrett Browning says that Robert has taken away her sin and bought her closer to God once more just like when she was a young child; I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints, She also expresses that she loves her husband with every emotion she goes through in her life; -I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life! The last line in the sonnets suggests her love is eternal and she will love Robert even in the afterlife; -and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death. E. Barrett Browning doesnt use a Volta in her sonnet as she wants to show her love is continuous and eternal which is a contrast from the other two poems. All three sonnets appear to be about love but all show different meanings. Shakespeares sonnet seems to be about a true physical attraction to a lady and how her beauty is eternal when in fact he is really saying the beauty of his words are eternal. On the other hand Draytons sonnet appears to be about a dying woman when in fact its about a fading love desperate for love to be breathed into it. Finally E. Barrett Brownings sonnet is totally sincere and includes no reversal of meaning. The sonnets also have different forms and language. Shakespeare and Drayton both write a Shakespearian sonnet with complicated and elaborate language whereas E. Barrett Browning uses a Petrarchan form with simple language. Another resemblance is that E. Barrett Browning and Shakespeare consider love relates to time. The most obvious contrast is that Drayton and Shakespeare both use a Volta whereas E. Barrett Browning doesnt. Although I liked the clever, witty changes of meaning in the sonnets by Shakespeare and Drayton my favored sonnet would have to be Sonnet 93 by E. Barrett Browning. I liked it because of the sincerity of her love to her husband. I think when reading and understanding the sonnet the reader is emotionally touched by the strong feelings such simple words can put across.

Hybridizing the Destruction of Nature and Pauline Melville’s Erzulie Es

â€Å"Erzulie†, a short story written by Pauline Melville, illustrates an important theme in Caribbean literature. The story is an example of literature that uses a strong theme of nature in the text and displays environmental symbolism throughout. The main theme in Caribbean literature is seen as the struggles of indigenous people and the consequences they face after the islands were colonized, however other themes such as post-colonial environmental harm can be seen in stories such as â€Å"Erzulie†. You can see a similarity between the natives and the island itself. The native’s suffer from social wrongs and suppression and the land of the Guyana country is also suppressed in a sense and destroyed as a consequence of colonialism. Melville’s use of nature and environmental symbolism can be seen prominently when reading the short story with ecocriticism awareness. While most symbolism and themes aren’t at the surface level of a story, some theme s can be even more hidden within the text. In this essay I will further illustrate how the goal of Melville’s work changes when you read it with an ecocritical mind. Reader’s can now realize the importance of Guyana, not only because of its relationship with the author, but also because of its environmental damage that was caused by colonialism. You can also see that the character Erzulie was not only used as the protagonist to create a frightening female murderess, but she is a representation of the land of Guyana. Lastly, Melville’s language is enlightening in the evolving theme of nature that is seen from beginning to end. Guyana is the former British Colony on the South American Coast that received its independence in 1966 from the United Kingdom [4]. It’s one of the only Caribbean countri... ...ndation, 22 Apr. 2014. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. 5. Heise, Ursula K. "The Hitchhiker's Guide to Ecocriticism." PMLA (2006): 503-516. 6. Kahn, Aliyah. "Nations of Eden: Race and Ecology in the Post-Pastoral Caribbean." Research Projects. Aliyah Kahn, 2013. Web. 2 Apr. 2014. 7. McLeod, John. "Cultural Models of Creolization." The Routledge Companion to Postcolonial Studies. London: Routledge, 2007. 102-03. Print. 8. Melville, Pauline. â€Å"Erzulie†, in The Migration of Ghosts, pp. 140–41. 9. Pyne-Timothy, Helen. "Reading the Signs in Pauline Melville's" Erzulie"." Journal of Haitian Studies (2001): 136-147. 10. Ramraj, Robert. "The Omai Disaster in Guyana." Gamma Theta Upsilon. Gamma Theta Uppsilon, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. 11. Renk, Kathleen Williams. "â€Å"Magic that Battles Death†: Pauline Melville's Marvellous Realism." The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 44.1 (2009): 101-115.

Summary of Sociology

Cutures are made up of different people, differnt backgrownds, Traditions, race and aspects of life. Culture shock can happen to an induvidual or group of people such as a tourisist or foreigner who have a problem adjusting to a new culture. Symbols play a huge part in all cultures around the world. From everything to language, hand gestures and communicating. Different societies could possibly have the same symbols but mean totally different things by them. Adaptation is something human beings have done since the beginning of time to fit the environment best that we live in. Clearly diffusion plays a big part in cultures societies all over when we come in contact with one another expample: KFC in japan and chinese food in america. Diffusion at it's best. Cultural lag is something that some societies suffer, from where one culture is moving faster than another in a technological sence. Scientist believe that animals do not share culture amongst themselves, but some scientisist do, when a test in the 1950's had shown that apes are capable of mastering small aspect of human language without talking. There are three types of norms cultures usally go by. Norms, Ideal norms and real norms. A norm in america would be eating beef and in hinduism there norm would be to worship cows an ideal norm in in china would be that math is something that everyone should be good at. Real norms would mean†¦ There are ten comandments but the way times are in the world the average person has broken at least one anyway. I feel i can relate to cultural shock alot because when i first moved outhere from L. A in 1995 i was a kid and i hated it. No noise at night did'nt know anyone yet had to make friends all over again and start at a new school. Took me some time but after a while i finally got used to it and it took me a while to stop missing where i came form.

The Effects Of Time Outs And Spanking On Children

In this chapter I will explain if the use of time-outs and spanking are a good way to correct a misbehave in children. As people know time-out is is a method use to modify undesirable and inappropriate behavior in children, such as disobedience aggression and inappropriate social behavior. Exclusion time out is usually the process in which you placed the child in a corner of a room away from any fun activities un-reinforced by social interactions. There is also isolation time out in which you remove the child from the room and send them to be alone in their room. In case of Spanking is another world for â€Å"hitting†, is another famous that method the parents use to correct children’s behavior since long time ago. The are two main goals for parents spanking their children are 1) to punish misbehavior and reduce recurrence of the undesirable behavior, and 2) to increase the likelihood behavior on the future. Parents will learn which way is better for them to use with their children and that one that it’s not at all. Time-out in most cases, the child is sent to their bedroom, but if it in school they send them to an isolation chamber. The problem with isolation time outs is that when a child is sent to their room they often find fun activities and things to do in their rooms. In school, isolation chambers have led to charges of cruelty abuse. The purpose of this is study was to see how effective the standardize time out procedure and modified time outs to incorporateShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Spanking On Child Aggression1184 Words   |  5 Pages Spankings: Revered or Reformed. Davon Miles The University of Memphis The Effects of spanking on Child Aggression Spanking is subjective in the least. Most parents suggest that using spankings as a form of discipline is essential to the development of a compliant child. 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In out of that 80% of kids, 62% of the kids have said they have been disciplined by spanking. Spanking had become the norm in many household across America. In fact, the percentage of spanking in America is increasing by 5% each year. But why is spanking so popular in America you may be wondering? Well surprisingly it has a lot to do with traditions,Read More stop spanking: save the children Essays1258 Words   |  6 Pages Spanking has been used for many years and it must come to an end. Also known as corporal punishment, spanking is most often used as a form of discipline. Although it is said to have some benefits, the negative consequences far outweigh the good. According to Dr. Wilson and Dr. Lyon, â€Å"physical punishment delivered in anger with the intent to cause pain is unacceptable and dangerous to the health and well being of the child.†( Guidance for Effective Discipline, online) It is important for spankingRead More Disciplinary Spanking Is Not Child Abuse Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesChild abuse is an issue within society that effects the lives of not only the victims but also the lives of many people in the social order. Child abuse is any mistreatment or neglect of a child that results in non-accidental injury or harm and which cannot be logically explained. There are several forms of abuse and neglect and many state governments have developed their own legal description of wh at constitutes child maltreatment for the purposes of removing a child and prosecuting a criminalRead MoreDebating The Evidence On Spanking940 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Evidence on Spanking According to Smith (2012), spanking does not lead to immediate obedience. Alan Kazdin, a Yale University psychology professor and director of the Yale Parenting Center and Child Conduct Clinic, says spanking does not work and â€Å"you cannot punish out these behaviors that you do not want.† Spanking does not lead to long term obedience either. Graham-Bermann (2008) says that â€Å"physical punishment can work momentarily to stop problematic behavior because children are afraid of beingRead MoreSpanking Young Children1366 Words   |  6 PagesAbout 60% of parents in the United States use spanking as a method to discipline their young children. In most cases parents believe that spanking is the only effective way to discipline their children. According to the â€Å"International Encyclopedia of Marriage and Family†, spanking is often referred as; â€Å"one or two flat-handed swats on a childs wrist or buttocks, but would not include a beating with a whip or a belt, fo r others, spanking also includes slaps and pinches to the leg, arm, back, or evenRead MoreEffects Of Positive Punishment On Children1562 Words   |  7 Pages This paper will explore effects of positive punishment on children from research conducted through an online database. The articles however vary in certain aspects and perspective of punishment. Lansford, Wagner, Bates, Pettit, Dodge (2012) discuss the controversy as to whether or not infrequent spanking is related to the higher levels of externalizing behavior. Fletcher (2012) discusses whether or not the use of punishment is effective on children. Straus (1999) suggested about 15 years ago thatRead MoreParents Should Not Spank Their Children Essay examples1654 Words   |  7 PagesSpanking has been the way of discipline for many years, but in reality it is child abuse. Spanking, also known as corporal punishment, to me is any kind of negative physical contact to a child with the intention to cause pain as a way of discipline. Anything from a pat on the butt, to the use of a belt or paddle on a child, or a smack on the hand or mouth can be considered spanking. Child abuse is vi olence, and violence is an act carried out with the intention, or perceived intention, of causingRead MoreThe Importance Of Parental Spanking Of Children1540 Words   |  7 Pagesnot spank their children because the parental spanking of children can be harmful to the behavioral and social development of their children. Parental spanking of children is a violent disciplinary technique where a parent hits childrens behinds with an open hand or object in order to deter childrens behavior in a way the parents may perceive as negative. I grew up in a home where my parents spanked me and my three younger brothers. I have witnessed parental spanking of children practiced first